Mattersburger Kreis für Entwicklungspolitik
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1090 Wien, Österreich
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Hauptmenü:
In the past 40 years, China’s growth has been phenomenal. And, since the global financial crisis and the Great Recession in the major capitalist economies, China has continued to close the output gap with the leading capitalist economies. Will China continue to catch up in the next 40 years or will it suffer the fate of the so-called ‘middle income trap’ experienced by other ‘emerging’ economies? The article considers three possible models of development as offered by, respectively neoclassical growth theory; Keynesianstyle
forced investment; and a Marxian model based on the law of value and profitability. The neoclassical model highlights China’s comparative advantage of cheap and plentiful labour; the Keynesian model concentrates on the role of China’s high investment ratio; the Marxist model emphasises China’s exceptional restriction of the law of value in capitalist production: or what might be termed, ‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’.
Artikel (digital)
Introduction
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China, circular economy, informal recycling, institutions, Xi Jinping
Der Sozialwissenschafter Gerhard Hauck (* 1939) studierte Ethnologie und Soziologie in Heidelberg und beschäftigt sich seit den frühen 1960er-Jahren mit entwicklungstheoretischen Fragen. Im deutschen Sprachraum zählt er seit vielen Jahrzehnten zum Kreis der wichtigsten KritikerInnen des dominanten Entwicklungsparadigmas. Als transdisziplinärer Grenzgänger überschreitet er konsequent die Schranken institutionalisierter Fachrichtungen und gewinnt etablierten Themengebieten neue Facetten ab. Im Interview schildert Hauck, was ihn ursprünglich zu einer kritischen Beschäftigung mit Entwicklungsfragen bewegte, wie er die Zukunft der Entwicklungsforschung sieht und welche Rolle die Verhandlung von Gerechtigkeits- und Wahrheitsfragen in seinen Werken spielt.
1 Das Interview wurde am 15. Dezember 2016 via Telefon geführt und dabei aufgezeichnet. Die Transkription erfolgte durch Clemens Pfeffer im Herbst 2019.
2 Hauck, Gerhard (1965): Die politischen Führungsschichten in den neuen Staaten Schwarz-Afrikas. Dissertation. Heidelberg: Philosophische Fakultät.
3 Siehe hierzu Hauck, Gerhard (1975): Das Elend der bürgerlichen Entwicklungstheorie. In: Tibi, Bassam/Brandes, Volkhard (Hg.): Handbuch 2: Unterentwicklung. Frankfurt: Europäische Verlagsanstalt, 36-63.
4 Fischer, Karin/Hauck, Gerhard/Boatcă, Manuela (Hrsg., 2016): Handbuch Entwicklungsforschung. Wiesbaden: Springer.
5 Der Begriff homo oeconomicus stammt aus der neoklassischen Ökonomie des späten 19. Jahrhunderts und bezeichnet einen modellhaften Menschen, der von wirtschaftlichen Zweckmäßigkeitserwägungen geleitetet wird.
6 Siehe hierzu das Buch Gesellschaft und Staat in Afrika (2001, Brandes & Apsel), in dem Hauck die sozialen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Transformationsvorgänge vom vorkolonialen über das koloniale ins postkoloniale Afrika nachzeichnet
und gängige politsoziologische Deutungen kritisch behandelt.
7 Siehe hierzu Pfeffer, Clemens (2014): Rezension zu Gerhard Hauck. 2012. Globale
Vergesellschaftung und koloniale Differenz. In: Stichproben. Zeitschrift für
kritische Afrikastudien 14 (27), 105-112.
8 Siehe hierzu Gerhard Haucks Publikationen Evolution, Entwicklung, Unterentwicklung:
Gesellschaftstheoretische Abhandlungen (1996, IKO), Die Gesellschaftstheorie
und ihr Anderes: Wider den Eurozentrismus in den Sozialwissenschaften (2003,
Westfälisches Dampfboot), Kultur: Zur Karriere einer sozialwissenschaftlichen Kategorie
(2006, Westfälisches Dampfboot), Globale Vergesellschaftung und koloniale
Differenz: Essays (2012, Westfälisches Dampfboot).
9 Pereda, Carlos (1993): Zwei Modelle aufgeklärter Vernunft. In: Menke, Christoph/
Seel, Martin (Hg.): Zur Verteidigung der Vernunft gegen ihre Liebhaber
und Verächter. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 129-148.
10 Randeria, Shalini (1999): Geteilte Geschichte und verwobene Moderne. In: Jegelka,
Norbert/Leitgeb, Hanna/Rüsen, Jörn (Hg.): Zukunftsentwürfe: Ideen für eine
Kultur der Veränderung. Frankfurt am Main: Campus, 87-96.
11 Siehe u.a. Habermas, Jürgen (1981): Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns. Bd. 1. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
12 Meyer, John W./Rowan, Brian (1977): Institutionalized Organizations: Formal
Structure as Myth and Ceremony. In: American Journal of Sociology 83, 340-363.